Dialogues

我给你开点儿感冒药。Wǒ gěi nǐ kāi diǎnr gǎnmàoyào.
I will give you some tablets for the cold.
In English the doctor usually says I will give you some tablets for the cold. In Chinese that should be 我给你开点儿感冒药.
我 wǒ, is I.
给你 gěi nǐ, to give you.
开 kāi, to write out.
点儿 diǎnr, here is short for 一点儿, which means a little bit.
感冒药 gǎnmàoyào, tablets for the cold.

2. 每天吃几次？Měi tiān chī jǐ cì?
How often should I take it?
How often should you take it? You can ask the doctor 每天吃几次?
每天 měi tiān, everyday.
吃 chī, to eat.
几次 jǐ cì, how many times?

3. 一天三次，每次一片。Yì tiān sān cì, měi cì yí piàn.
Three times a day, one tablet each time.
A prescription says take this medicine three times a day.In chinese it's 一天三次, 每次一片.
一天 yì tiān, a day.
三次 sān cì, three times.
每次 měi cì, each time.
一片 yí piàn, one pill.

4. 回去多喝水，好好休息。Huíqu duō hē shuǐ, hǎohao xiūxi.
Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.
Finally the doctor will usually tell you to go back home and then to drink plenty of water and have a good rest. They would say 回去多喝水, 好好休息.
回去 huíqu, to go back.
多 duō, the first tone, it means more.
喝水 hē shuǐ, the first tone and the third tone, which means to drink water.
好好 hǎohao, try one’s best.
休息 xiūxi, to have a rest.