Let's learn Resultative Verb Endings 我们一起学习汉语中的结果动词
Resultative Verb Endings is a class of verb suffixes in Mandarin Chinese. They are used with Functive Verbs (Action Verbs) to show the outcome of that action.There are two basic types of Resultative Verb Endings (RVE) – those that show the actual result of an action, and those that show the possible result of an action.
Actual Resultative Verb Endings
When we want to indicate the result of a particular action, like reading a book, we can include a RVE such as finished - 這本書我看完了。/ 这本书我看完了。(zhè běn shū wǒ kàn wán le.)
In this sentence, the Functive Verb 看 (kàn) (read) is supplemented by the RVE 完 (wán) (finished). The final character 了 (le) shows that the action is completed.
Questions Using the Actual RVE
Questions are formed by adding the question tag 嗎 / 吗 ma, or the positive/negative 沒有 / 没有 (méiyǒu) to the RVE:
這本書你看完了沒有?/这本书你看完了没有?
Positive Answers with the Actual RVE
Positive answers to a question using the RVE are in the form of SUBJECT – FUNCTIVE VERB – RVE – LE:
我看完了。
Negative Answers with the Actual RVE
Negative answers to a questions using the RVE are in the form of SUBJECT – ADVERB – MEI – FUNCTIVE VERB – RVE:
我還沒看完。/我还没看完。
Possible Resultative Verb Endings
The other form of Resultative Verb Ending (RVE) shows the possible results of an action:
這本書我看得完。/这本书我看得完。
The particle 得 dé in this sentence shows that there is a possibility that the Functive Verb action will be achieved.
Questions Using the Possible RVE
Questions are formed with the question tag 嗎 / 吗 ma:
這本書你看得完嗎?/这本书你看得完吗?
Negative Answers with the Possible RVE
Negative answers to a questions using the RVE are in the form of SUBJECT –FUNCTIVE VERB – BU – RVE:
我看不完。
Positive Answers with the Possible RVE
Positive answers to a question using the RVE are in the form of SUBJECT – FUNCTIVE VERB – DE – RVE:
我看得完。